The strangest insult in US politics: why do Republicans call it ‘the Democrat party’?

The Democratic party? Robert F Kennedy Jr's never heard of it.

On Tuesday, the former presidential candidate issued his latest condemnation of the "Democrat party", endorsing a bizarre linguistic tradition among haters of the institution. As Donald Trump told a rally in 2018: "I call it the Democrat party. It sounds better rhetorically." By "better", of course, he meant "worse", as he explained the next year: he prefers to say "the 'Democrat party' because it doesn't sound good".

In removing two letters from "Democratic", the former president is adopting a jibe that's been around since at least the 1940s. Opponents of the party long ago decided, for some reason, that this brutal act of syllabic denial would shame their opponents. Democrats don't seem particularly devastated by the attack, but Republicans and those who love them have stuck with it. We hear it regularly from party luminaries such as JD Vance, Mike Johnson and Nikki Haley; pragmatic independents like RFK Jr; and media voices across the vast spectrum from Fox News to Infowars. Last week, even Tulsi Gabbard, once a Democratic presidential candidate herself, wrote an op-ed proudly describing her departure from the Democrat party and support for Trump.

But even if the misnaming doesn't exactly leave liberal snowflakes in tears, it does serve a purpose, says Nicole Holliday, acting associate professor of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. It's a marker of affiliation - an indicator of the media a person consumes and the politicians they listen to. She recently heard a friend remark on "Democrat party" policies and asked why they used the term; the friend wasn't even aware they had done it. "Language is contagious, especially emotionally charged political language," Holliday says. "Most of the time, we don't have the cognitive bandwidth to think very hard about every single word that we're using. We just use it because it's what other people do."

That lack of awareness "shows how normalized it's become", says Larry Glickman, Stephen and Evalyn Milman professor in American studies at Cornell University, who likens the term to a "schoolyard taunt". It suggests the party is "outside the mainstream of American politics so much so that we're not even going to call them by the name they prefer. We refuse to give them that amount of respect."

It's part of a familiar pattern, as Holliday has written: "Intentionally calling a set of people by something other than their official and preferred form of reference is a common tactic of opposition that is designed to confer disrespect." If someone named Christopher prefers not to be called Chris, and you do it anyway, it's pretty clear you're being rude - regardless of your politics, she says. And she and Glickman both point out that we're seeing a new version of the same unpleasant phenomenon when it comes to the pronunciation of Kamala Harris's first name. Almost half the speakers at the Republican convention got it wrong, according to the Washington Post. At a July rally, Trump said he "couldn't care less" if he mispronounced the word. Eventually, Harris's grandnieces, ages six and eight, felt compelled to offer a lesson at the Democratic convention this month.

Such bullying may be a Trump trademark, but its origins are a bit fuzzy. According to Glickman, the term first came to prominence in 1946 thanks to a congressman named Brazilla Carroll Reece, who headed the Republican National Committee. Unlike Trump, Reece saw himself as a liberal - at least according to that era's definition of the term; still, he wasn't a fan of the New Deal or other recent developments. He used the term to indicate that what was once the Democratic party no longer existed: it had been commandeered by "radicals". In 1948, the Republican party platform left off the "ic" in "Democratic", and in 1952, a newspaper columnist asked: "Who has taken the 'ic' out of the party of our fathers?" Senator Joseph McCarthy, meanwhile, helped popularize the term.