Memoir contradicts Republican Senate candidate’s ‘below the poverty line’ tale

At a recent campaign event in Whitehall, Montana, the Republican US Senate candidate Tim Sheehy told voters that a decade ago, when he set up the aerial firefighting company through which he made his fortune, he and his wife were living "below the poverty line".

A little more than a month from election day, in a race that could decide control of the Senate, such hardscrabble tales are helping Sheehy lead the Democratic incumbent, Jon Tester, a longtime Montana farmer. The two men are due to debate in Missoula on Monday night.

But Sheehy's claim about living in poverty while building his company, Bridger Aerospace, is contradicted by his own memoir.

This, he writes, was in part thanks to having "lived quite frugally during our time in the military, spending a lot of time deployed, accumulating savings, taking advantage of base housing and meals, and of course spending almost nothing while on deployment.

"So, we had amassed a nest egg of close to $300,000. I also had some money that my parents had been putting away for me since I was a kid. All told, we had roughly $400,000 to allocate toward building a business and establishing a new life."

In 2014, as Sheehy got his company going, the US health department defined the poverty guideline for a family of three in Montana as $19,790. The poverty threshold, as defined by the US Census Bureau, was $19,055.

By his own account, Sheehy set out to build Bridger Aerospace with 20 times that - a sum he calls "not exactly chump change".

Sheehy has also regularly claimed to have "bootstrapped" his company, a term the Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines as "to promote or develop by initiative and effort with little or no assistance".

Yet in his book, Sheehy describes both receiving the $100,000 his parents had saved for him and asking his father and brother to help him pay $500,000 to buy necessary planes. His father, he writes, "backed me, financially and emotionally, without expecting anything in return", while his brother was given an "equity stake in the business".

Sheehy also describes how in 2017 his brother helped secure investment from Blackstone Group, the New York private equity behemoth led by Stephen Schwartzman, a top Republican donor, in order to pull off a $200m aircraft order.

Sheehy grew up in Minnesota and attended the US Naval Academy in Maryland. Describing his early days in Montana, he has often told of how he, his wife and their first child started out living in a tent. That might boost his claim of living below the poverty line, but Sheehy has also described how living under canvas was a choice.

Having purchased "60 undeveloped acres", Sheehy writes in his book, "the simple and probably sane thing to do would have been to rent an apartment in town while we got the business off the ground". But they chose to build a house, and to camp while the structure went up.

Sheehy's campaign did not respond to a request for comment. News of Sheehy's book contradicting his own claim about living in poverty, however, follows similar reporting regarding his claims about his background.

In May, the Daily Beast reported that Sheehy's campaign trail claims about how he left the US military do not match those in his book. Sheehy's campaign responded angrily, claiming an attack on his patriotism and service. Then, this month, the Guardian reported documents seemingly showing Sheehy did not follow Department of Defense protocol for clearing sections of Mudslingers that deal with military subjects, including deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan. The campaign did not respond.

Regardless, Sheehy seems well-placed to secure a Senate seat, holding seven- and eight-point leads over Tester, a three-term moderate Democrat.

Federal figures regarding poverty in Montana in 2014 do back up one claim in Sheehy's book. Describing how he hired his first employees, he says he paid just $1,500 a month, amounting to $18,000 a year, to his first chief pilot, Tim Cherwin.

Cherwin brought with him "the chain-smoking desert rat Steve Taylor, who would become our director of maintenance". Sheehy, who says he started the business with $400,000, says both men were "earning wages below the poverty line".