Mexico makes agreement with US to deport migrants from its border cities as one mayor warns his city is at 'a breaking point'

Mexico has made an agreement with the United States to deport migrants from its border cities to their home countries and take several actions to deter migrants as part of a new effort to combat the recent surge in border crossings.

Mexican officials met with US Customs and Border Protection officials on Friday in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico - across the border from El Paso, Texas - following the recent spike in illegal crossings into the US that temporarily closed an international bridge and paused Mexico's main cargo train system.

As part of the agreement, Mexico agreed to "depressurize" its northern cities, which border the El Paso, San Diego and Eagle Pass, Texas, where the mayor has declared a state of emergency. They will also implement more than a dozen actions to prevent migrants from risking their lives by using the railway system to reach the US-Mexico border, according to Mexico's National Migration Institute.

Migrant crossings along the US-Mexico border are rising, surpassing 8,600 over a 24-hour period this week, according to a Department of Homeland Security official. That's up from around 3,500 daily border arrests after the expiration of Title 42 in May triggered new consequences for those who cross the border illegally. There were more than 8,000 apprehensions on Monday.

The busiest sectors are Del Rio, El Paso, Lower Rio Grande Valley and Tucson; each facing more than 1,000 encounters over the last 24 hours, according to the official. Eagle Pass is in the Del Rio sector.

About 6,500 migrants are in custody in El Paso alone, which "only has so many resources," Mayor Oscar Leeser said at the news conference Saturday.

"We have come to what we look at (as) a breaking point right now," the mayor said.

An overflow shelter in the northeast part of the city planned to open its doors Saturday evening as the city faces an unprecedented surge of migrants crossing the southern US border, Deputy City Manager Mario D'Agostino said in a news conference.

The shelter, which will operate out of the Nations Tobin Recreation Center, has been prepped over the "last couple weeks," D'Agostino said. The facility can hold about 400 people.

El Paso is receiving more than 2,000 additional migrants every day, D'Agostino said, and the city is expecting a "large influx" over the next few days.

The US Department of Defense has been ramping up resources at the border, including an announcement by Department of Homeland Security officials Wednesday it was sending at least 800 new active-duty personnel to join the 2,500 National Guard members already serving.

Mexico's top diplomat pointed out that her country is dealing with its own challenges due to the recent spike: Mexico is receiving about 6,000 migrants daily at its own southern border, half of whom are from Central American countries, Mexican Secretary of Foreign Affairs Alicia Bárcena said at a news conference at the UN on Friday.

On one day last week, about 11,000 migrants reached the Mexican border with the US, Bárcena said, announcing that Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador wants to meet US President Joe Biden in Washington in November to discuss migration, along with drugs and firearms trafficking.

Friday's meeting was attended by Customs and Border Protection's Acting Commissioner Troy Miller, the commissioner of Mexico's National Migration Institute, the governor of the Mexican state of Chihuahua, members of Mexico's national defense and national guard and representatives of Ferromex, a Mexican railroad operator, according to the institute.

Mexican officials vowed to carry out a series of 15 actions as part of the agreement, some in coordination with Customs and Border Protection and Ferromex, which includes deporting migrants to their home countries by land and air.

The country said it will carry out negotiations with the governments of Venezuela, Brazil, Nicaragua, Colombia and Cuba to confirm receipt of their citizens deported from the US-Mexico border. It will also allow US border patrol agents to expel migrants through the Ciudad Juárez international bridge, which connects to El Paso.

Other terms of the agreement include submitting a daily report of the number of migrants on the train system to Customs and Border Protection's El Paso sector, establishing checkpoints along the Ferromex rail route and conducting interventions on railways and highways, according to Mexico's National Migration Institute.

The institute said Mexico had deported more than 788,000 migrants to their home countries from January 1 to September.

The agreed-upon actions by Mexican officials raise questions about the country doing work typically designated for the US - from the south of the border - to manage the influx of migrants in recent weeks, which have has strained federal resources and overwhelmed already-crowded facilities, CNN previously reported.

Many who leave their homes for the United States face long and dangerous treks in hopes of finding better, safer lives. Some may flee violence, while others may immigrate for economic opportunities or to reunite with family, experts say. Deteriorating conditions in Latin America exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic also have contributed to the influx of migrants into the US.

Before the agreement with Mexico was announced, Ariel Ruiz Soto, a senior policy analyst at the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, told CNN last week that the number of border crossings was likely to increase "unless Mexico increases enforcement or something else happens in the region."

But even increased deportations from Mexico are unlikely to impact one factor Ruiz said has been behind the recent increase in border crossings. Growing violence in certain regions of Mexico has fueled more migration, Ruiz said, noting that the number of Mexican families coming to the border and likely seeking asylum had "increased notably."

In July 2022, US Customs and Border Protection figures indicate 4,000 Mexican family encounters at the border. A year later, the number had more than quadrupled, reaching nearly 22,000.

This isn't the first time Mexico has agreed to help the US with immigration enforcement.

In 2019, experts said Mexico's massive deployment of national guard troops had played a major role in blocking migrants' efforts to reach the border.

CNN's Catherine E. Shoichet, Priscilla Alvarez and Ed Lavandera contributed to this report.