Decision to invade Ukraine raises questions over Putin’s ‘sense of reality’

Vladimir Putin's decision to launch a catastrophic new European war, combined with the sheer weirdness of his recent public appearances, has raised questions in western capitals about the mental stability of the leader of a country with 6,000 nuclear warheads.

They worry about a 69-year-old man whose tendency towards insularity has been amplified by his precautions against Covid, leaving him surrounded by an ever-shrinking coterie of fearful obedient courtiers. He appears increasingly uncoupled from the contemporary world, preferring to burrow deep into history and a personal quest for greatness.

The French president, Emmanuel Macron, is well-placed to analyse changes to Putin's demeanour. Macron once drove a cooperative, if self-conscious, Putin round the gardens of the palace of Versailles in a tiny electric golf cart in the summer of 2017 and welcomed him to his holiday residence at a fortress on the Mediterranean coast the following summer, where Putin descended from a helicopter carrying a bunch of flowers and complemented the Macrons on their tans.

After Macron held five hours of talks with the Russian leader in Moscow at opposite ends of a 15-metre table, he told reporters on the return flight that "the tension was palpable". This was not the same Putin he had last met at the Elysée palace in December 2019, Macron said. He was "more rigid, more isolated" and was off on an "ideological and security drift".

Following Putin's speech on Monday, an Elysée official made an unusually bold assessment that the speech was "paranoid". Bernard Guetta, a member of the European parliament for Macron's grouping, told France Inter radio on Thursday morning, after military invasion began: "I think this man is losing his sense of reality, to say it politely." Asked by the interviewer if that meant he thought Putin had gone mad, he said "yes".

Guetta is not alone. Milos Zeman, the Czech president and long one of Vlaldimir Putin's staunchest supporters, denounced Putin a "madman" after the invasion.

"All our Russia-watchers, watching his press conferences, think that he's descending even more into a despotic mindset," another European diplomat said.